Eleotbioal hea



Feb. 5 1924.

s. L. MEYER ELECTRICAL manna rogmnro mun-r011 sv'rsus Filed Feb. 16. 1920 z sneeta-sheet x Feb. 5 1924..

s. L. MEYER summon uman ma AUTO mnmoa svs'mus Filed Feb. '16. 1920 2 Sheets- Sheet 8 \wiz fiuwsuii INVENTOR ATTORNEYE whereby the heatin without dangerof'short Patented Feb. 5, 1924.

UNITED STAT-es N OFFICE.

's'm nxnn. mnrna. Jon mwauxninjwrsoonsml- ELEUTRIOAL manna roe t me nanra'roh yste Application am} mm is, o te m. scam.

invention relates to i'm rdii efiieiitii in electrical heaters "for auto ra ator systems, and pertains-especially to heaters-mfthat class, in which an electrical-heating unit is mounted in a fitting'ithruwhicliwater passes on its way from thefiadieltorfojtlie engitne jacket.

e objects of my invention are to'p'rovide an improved .form of fitting in which "the heating unit may be'lnounted'withqutexto the'waterl- Also tfo 'griivideflmeans unitmay' equickly and easily removed out openiiig-th'ewater assage; to. provide means whereb the heat eveloped' in the unit may betrans erred into the water with minimum resistance," and circui'ting the heating unit; to rovide means whereby the heating unit, alt o detachable, ma. be -left'per manently in place whilein goo working condition, and connected with,'or' disconnected from, a source of electrical energy and without inconvenience to the user 0 t' More specificallysta "-it is theobiect of my invention to rovi e an electrically heated fitting of big efliciency anddurabilittg, which can be interposed'as jan element in B tom of the'radiator, and the-hydrocarbon engine of a motor driven vehicle, with the heating element electrically connected socket vehicle body,

posure wit ocated in a convement pl and adapted to receive current from the electric lighting connections'of the garage, thru the medium ofa flexible cord, 1 and a plug adapted to be removab1y-fittedto1 said socket whi e the vehicle is being left at the garage during cold weather.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a ire mentariyiew partly induction and ar y m section, showin my inventionapp ied to the rct'urn-duct-o a reef,

e vehicle.

bottom wall 6 by an -'9'which-f orms a socket open'at the top when 95 .of the cap 7 flexible connections betweenthe botsource of current supply.

a water cooling systemof an automobile engine, and showin also the electrical connect ons for en plying current tothe'heating 9 mm; of-suppl? may-be connected to *thevehicle thru ,ap flexibly'coimected'with the supply, ands. aptedto fit a socketlo'cated m thi footboard of; tlievehiclebody.

ffiedgcrm of"fitting,'- adapted to be-substi' tuted fiorthe fitting shown-in Fig: -1 when the watersjstem is'soai ran'g'ed as to. require that-the fitting-be connected with horizontal a fs' 'p tmeig'f-Sis -'a-' sectional view,- drai'vnon'line HQ F s-Z- IfEi' a'sectional vicwill'ustrating a "modification, adapted for use in the same-type an Fig; 1-, inclined 1 k ,ELik parts'are identifiedbythe same referince" characters thruout the" several "i'riews.

in which the return'duct is Referring to Fig. 1, -it-'will be observed 30 that a'cjhndrical-casing-I is rovided at 01"'neii 1 -'1ts'-lower;end with a" own'wardly L "-inclined'tubular extension 2 and at or near -'its'-iupper"end=-with an upwardly inclined tubular extension posite-side'o'f the casing Irom the extension 2.) The lower end of the casing 1 is closedby a bottom wall h. -At the top of {the-casing, the wall of the cylinder is thickened to pr tothe seating by 3.11% suitable-fasteni'ngs, such as the screws 8. -'D e'seatmg 6 has itsjinner margin connected with the interior cylindrical wall 7 is removed The central'portion is provided with an o ening adapted-to receive the screw-12 of a p u the plug bein clamped to the margino? cap around e cpeninglby heating'unit is suspende fro and extends ear socket when heating unit comprises a supporting core 10 about-which a heating element 16 18 placed or wound, the heating element comprising a resistance member or wire thru which the current passes when connected with suitable To protect this resistance member or wire against corrosion, or ossible short circuits, and alaoto greatly facilitate the'transfer of heat from the wire the m the plug 13, y to theI bottom of the and t e means whereby thesource 0 2 is a sectmml View showing'a mo'tli- B5 oi water system as'that indicated 3 proic'cting from the Opvide an annular seating 6 for a; cap-7, the cap being secured a nut 14. A

the plug is -in position. This thru the wall of the socket to th eurnound ing annular cavity 19, I prefera bly' till the socket space between the heatin unit and the wall 9 with a body of heat con noting di-' electric material 2 such r example new aluminium cla high in (ii-electric stren 11'. Clay common g known as fine clay w be found servicea if free from iron or other material which would make it electrically conductive. It will be improved i ffueedand finely granulated.

To prevent loss of heat ener b rad-i1 ation into the atmosphere, I pre eragly line the bottom wall of the socket w th sheets of mica .or other suitable heat ins u lating material 22, and I cover the embedd ng niaterial 20 with similar heat material 23. This lining material 2 and'gd serves the double purpose of mventing l, of heat to the atmos here, and of I QISHHE i 9 embedding me e 2 i Phee fitting is being handled ogi nn erc'ally, or when it is removed from its insta ed position of use.

The feed wires 2.; and 25 connect the heatin unit electrically with a epcliet 2,6 locate at any convenient point on the body or frame of the vehicle, preferably in an aperture formed in the foot board 27. "The socket 26 is adapted to receive a terminal Plug 29 having n. fl x ble we 2 edePPefl to connect it with any suitable. of e e tr ca y, s h o e th electric ht ing connections of ga g pa gr other bui ding in which the ye cl; s

stored When the v t fl is use the Plt g 29 will of co rse, e w t drawn. and 9 in the building. The socket s then be closed by an ordinary cap .80 w ioh is illustrated as connected by a chain 31 with the dash board or plate 32.

The fitting above described has its tubular extensions 2 and 3 adaiited to fit avitg; in sections 33 and 34 of ru or hose an as is commonly used to connept the lower ortion of a radiator with the internal comustion engine of a motor driven vehicle. The sections of hose are clamped upon the tubular members 2 and 3 respectively by suitable clamps 36. These are shown in Fig. 1 as inclined and owing to the fact that the duct 2 connects with the bottom portion of the cylinder 1 while the duct 3, leads from the up or portion thereof, it is obvious that where. not 3 is connected with the hpse pipe 34: leading to the engine, circulation of water from the radiator thru the fitting to the engine will be greatly facilitated, the water rising in the annular space 19 and being continuously heated until it passes out thru the duct 3. In this manner, the water in the water jacket .of the engine and in the radiator may easily be kept from freezing at small cost particularly .if the engine hood and radiator are properly hen t e fi blfinketed .or housed within a (garage from w 16h air currents are exclude Referring to Fi 2 and 3 it will be understood that the tting illustrated in these views dgsigned to receive an electrical heatingurut connected up as illustrated in Fi l and that the same will be connected wit the water circulatory s stem of a motor driven vehicle in n ne the same manner. The same reference characters are therefore applied to the correspondin parts so tar as applicable, but with the re erence character or added for the pur ose of fitting is intcnde more partic darlv for use in cases where the connect pn etween the radiator and the engine extends l origont' y on the return side, By

rovidingthe inlet 2' with a wall 37 formed .1 yenlarging the casing 1', cold water entering e casing from the radiator will be de' to bottom .and will ass thru an aperture 88 formed in the we of the cylinder I! to the annular s ace 19 from the up per portion of which 51c water will pass to the outlet duct ,3 as in Fig. 1. The heating unit and its connections may be the same in Fig. 1 and are therefore omitted f o in 2 d 3,

In Fig. 4 I have shown a structure which embodies only a slight variation from the structure shown in ig. l and the same reference characters are applied to the corresponding with the reference letter b a. 9d .e di fe ence between this st wr nsi hetdise e l n isthatthe wel 9? i he toast whi i ves he beet e un doe o eete si 9 e bott m 5! of cylinder the socket bpin provided an independent bottom will? 40 which erased from he y inde bottom to allowwater tp circulate underneath the casket I t is orm o on t t o the heat insulating sheets 22 illustrated in Fig. 1 may, .of course, be omitted; without any material loss of heat to the external atmosphere. The amount of heat which will be transferred from the circulating water thru the wells of the fitting will be negligible for the reason that the water is circulatin and the further reason that the amount 0 heat delivered will ordinarly be suiiicient to merely so the water from freezing. The difference etween the temperature of the water and the surrounding atmosphere underneath the hood of the car is insutlicient for rapid radiation.

I attach considerable importance to the fact that my improved fitting can readily be removed for the purpose 0 repair or replacement; to the fact that there is no possiility of leakage from the water cavities into the socket the walls of the socket and of the water cavities being into a1 and no joints or o nings-being provide thru which water mig t pass. I also attach considerable importance to the fact that the socket which receives the heating unit is open at the top whereby it is not only impossible for the heatin unit to become oose and drop out of the sodket, but it is also impossible for any embedding material, (heat insulating or heat conducting) to drop out or become disarranged in such a manner as to allow of short circuits. I also consider it of great importance to the successful introduction of my improvement that the heating unit is connected to a socket convenient of access and adapted to permit an electrical connection to be instantly made between the permanent wiring of the garage and the heating unit when the vehicle is left in storage.

I claim:

1. An electrical heater for the water cooling systems of an internal combustion engine comprising a fittinv adapted for water circulation and provided with a socket from which water is excluded, a heating element mounted in said socket, a di-electric heat conducting material interposed between the heating element and the wall of the socket, and feed wires connected with the heating element said socket having its end portions lined with non-heat conducting material.

2. An electrical heater for water cooling systems of an internal combustion engine comprising a fitting adapted for water circulation and provided with a socket from which water is excluded, a heating element mounted in said socket, a di-electrie heat conducting material interposed between the heati element and the wall of the socket and fee wires connected with the heating element, said fitting having an inlet at its bottom portion and an outlet at its top portion and also having a water circulating cavity surrounding said socket and afl'ordin communication between the inlet and out et.

3. The combination with a water circulatory s em of a motor driven vehicle of an electrical heatin unit in heating relation to the water of said system, said unit comprising an integrally formed member having an interior cavity, a socket inside of said cavity and permanently separated therefrom by a wall integral with said unit, said unit having an inlet and outlet opening, a heatin element positioned within said socket, and dielectric, heat conducting material interposed between said heatin element and the walls of said socket, where y the wall of said socket acts as a heat conductor to transmit heat to the water and whereby said heating element may be freely removed without openin any water passages.

testimony whereof I afiix my signature to in the presence of two witnesses.

- STARKE L. MEYER.

Witnesses:

Lnvnnn'rr 0. WHEELER, A. J. MoKn-mmrr. 

